How Cameras Work

How Cameras Work

Aperture 

a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

f 2.8  |

f 4.0  |
f 5.6  |

f 8.0  |

f 11.0 |

f 16.0 |

f 22.0 |
f 32.0 |
f 64.0 \/

Goes down by 1/2 each time. 

2.8 has the highest aperture with the largest hole, and 22 has the lowest aperture.

Aperture Priority 

Adjusts the aperture manually

Will adjust the shutter speed for best performance. 

Shutter Speed

Amount of exposure of light. 

Fraction of a second. 

10 10"
5  5"
2  2"

1  1"

1/2  0.5"

1/4   0.25"

1/8    0.125"

1/15    0.0625"

1/30     0.03125"

1/60      0.015625"

1/125      0.0078125"

1/250

1/500

1/1000

1/2000

1/4000

2 is longest shutter speed ( 2 seconds ), whereas 1/4000 is the fastest speed ( 1 out of 4000th of a second ). 

Shutter Priority 

Adjusts shutter speed

Adjust for best aperture 

ISo

1 1 0 1 1

-2 -1   plus1 plus2